اتجاهات الهجاء في شعر أبي الشمقمق من مخضرمي الدولتين

Abstract

The research revolves around studying the art of satire and its trends in the poet Abu Al-Shamqmaq. He was famous for satire and his objective trends in his poetry varied. Poverty and extreme need were a basic factor in the prevalence of this phenomenon in him, as he directed the weapon of satire towards all those who let him down from the wealthy and powerful and were stingy with helping him. He also sometimes used it as a weapon to intimidate and push others to give him what he wanted. The trends of satire in his poetry varied between satire of the common people, satire of leaders and princes, satire of poets, satire of his companions and men of his time. His satirical poetry was also artistically characterized by the ease of language, the popularity of words, and the simplicity of styles and meanings, with a tendency toward obscenity and vulgarity that descends to the level of direct insults. However, this did not prevent the poet from turning towards the novelty of some meanings and images and his creativity in them, which reflects the man's intelligence, skill, and the depth of his poetic talent.